Which rights are protected by the First Amendment?

• A. Freedom of Religion, Speech, Press, Assembly, and Petition
• B. Right to bear arms
• C. Right to a speedy, public trial
• D. No cruel or unusual punishment

Answer: (A)

The First Amendment protects five fundamental freedoms: freedom of religion, freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of assembly, and the right to petition the government for redress of grievances. These protections limit government power over belief, expression, information, peaceful gathering, and seeking changes, which is why this set of rights is the correct choice. Rights to bear arms, a speedy and public trial, and protection against cruel or unusual punishment are addressed in other amendments—the Second, Sixth, and Eighth Amendments, respectively.